from __future__ import annotations
import binascii
import copy
import ctypes
import importlib.resources
import itertools
import logging
import sys
import threading
import time

import cffi  # lmao

import archinfo
import claripy
import pyvex
from angr.engines.vex.claripy import ccall
from angr.sim_state import SimState

from angr import sim_options as options
from angr.engines.vex.claripy.irop import operations as irop_ops
from angr.errors import SimMemoryError, SimSegfaultError, SimUnicornError, SimUnicornUnsupport, SimValueError
from angr.misc.testing import is_testing
from .plugin import SimStatePlugin

l = logging.getLogger(name=__name__)
ffi = cffi.FFI()

try:
    import unicorn
    from unicorn.unicorn import _uc
except ImportError:
    l.info("Unicorn is not installed. Support disabled.")
    unicorn = None  # type: ignore
    _uc = None  # type: ignore


class MEM_PATCH(ctypes.Structure):
    """
    struct mem_update_t
    """


MEM_PATCH._fields_ = [("address", ctypes.c_uint64), ("length", ctypes.c_uint64), ("next", ctypes.POINTER(MEM_PATCH))]


class TRANSMIT_RECORD(ctypes.Structure):
    """
    struct transmit_record_t
    """

    _fields_ = [("fd", ctypes.c_uint32), ("data", ctypes.c_void_p), ("count", ctypes.c_uint32)]


class TaintEntityEnum:
    """
    taint_entity_enum_t
    """

    TAINT_ENTITY_REG = 0
    TAINT_ENTITY_TMP = 1
    TAINT_ENTITY_MEM = 2
    TAINT_ENTITY_NONE = 3


class MemoryValue(ctypes.Structure):
    """
    struct memory_value_t
    """

    _MAX_MEM_ACCESS_SIZE = 8

    _fields_ = [
        ("address", ctypes.c_uint64),
        ("value", ctypes.c_uint8),
        ("is_value_set", ctypes.c_bool),
        ("is_value_symbolic", ctypes.c_bool),
    ]


class RegisterValue(ctypes.Structure):
    """
    struct register_value_t
    """

    _MAX_REGISTER_BYTE_SIZE = 32

    _fields_ = [
        ("offset", ctypes.c_uint64),
        ("value", ctypes.c_uint8 * _MAX_REGISTER_BYTE_SIZE),
        ("size", ctypes.c_int64),
    ]


class VEXStmtDetails(ctypes.Structure):
    """
    struct sym_vex_stmt_details_t
    """

    _fields_ = [
        ("stmt_idx", ctypes.c_int64),
        ("has_memory_dep", ctypes.c_bool),
        ("memory_values", ctypes.POINTER(MemoryValue)),
        ("memory_values_count", ctypes.c_uint64),
    ]


class BlockDetails(ctypes.Structure):
    """
    struct sym_block_details_ret_t
    """

    _fields_ = [
        ("block_addr", ctypes.c_uint64),
        ("block_size", ctypes.c_uint64),
        ("block_trace_ind", ctypes.c_int64),
        ("has_symbolic_exit", ctypes.c_bool),
        ("symbolic_vex_stmts", ctypes.POINTER(VEXStmtDetails)),
        ("symbolic_vex_stmts_count", ctypes.c_uint64),
        ("register_values", ctypes.POINTER(RegisterValue)),
        ("register_values_count", ctypes.c_uint64),
    ]


class STOP:
    """
    enum stop_t
    """

    STOP_NORMAL = 0
    STOP_STOPPOINT = 1
    STOP_ERROR = 2
    STOP_SYSCALL = 3
    STOP_EXECNONE = 4
    STOP_ZEROPAGE = 5
    STOP_NOSTART = 6
    STOP_SEGFAULT = 7
    STOP_ZERO_DIV = 8
    STOP_NODECODE = 9
    STOP_HLT = 10
    STOP_VEX_LIFT_FAILED = 11
    STOP_SYMBOLIC_PC = 12
    STOP_SYMBOLIC_READ_ADDR = 13
    STOP_SYMBOLIC_READ_SYMBOLIC_TRACKING_DISABLED = 14
    STOP_SYMBOLIC_WRITE_ADDR = 15
    STOP_SYMBOLIC_BLOCK_EXIT_CONDITION = 16
    STOP_SYMBOLIC_BLOCK_EXIT_TARGET = 17
    STOP_UNSUPPORTED_STMT_PUTI = 18
    STOP_UNSUPPORTED_STMT_STOREG = 19
    STOP_UNSUPPORTED_STMT_LOADG = 20
    STOP_UNSUPPORTED_STMT_CAS = 21
    STOP_UNSUPPORTED_STMT_LLSC = 22
    STOP_UNSUPPORTED_STMT_DIRTY = 23
    STOP_UNSUPPORTED_EXPR_GETI = 24
    STOP_UNSUPPORTED_STMT_UNKNOWN = 25
    STOP_UNSUPPORTED_EXPR_UNKNOWN = 26
    STOP_UNKNOWN_MEMORY_WRITE_SIZE = 27
    STOP_SYSCALL_ARM = 28
    STOP_X86_CPUID = 29

    stop_message = {}
    stop_message[STOP_NORMAL] = "Reached maximum steps"
    stop_message[STOP_STOPPOINT] = "Hit a stop point"
    stop_message[STOP_ERROR] = "Something wrong"
    stop_message[STOP_SYSCALL] = "Unable to handle syscall"
    stop_message[STOP_EXECNONE] = "Fetching empty page"
    stop_message[STOP_ZEROPAGE] = "Accessing zero page"
    stop_message[STOP_NOSTART] = "Failed to start"
    stop_message[STOP_SEGFAULT] = "Permissions or mapping error"
    stop_message[STOP_ZERO_DIV] = "Divide by zero"
    stop_message[STOP_NODECODE] = "Instruction decoding error"
    stop_message[STOP_HLT] = "hlt instruction encountered"
    stop_message[STOP_VEX_LIFT_FAILED] = "Failed to lift block to VEX"
    stop_message[STOP_SYMBOLIC_PC] = "Instruction pointer became symbolic"
    stop_message[STOP_SYMBOLIC_READ_ADDR] = "Attempted to read from symbolic address"
    stop_message[STOP_SYMBOLIC_READ_SYMBOLIC_TRACKING_DISABLED] = (
        "Attempted to read symbolic data from memory but symbolic tracking is disabled"
    )
    stop_message[STOP_SYMBOLIC_WRITE_ADDR] = "Attempted to write to symbolic address"
    stop_message[STOP_SYMBOLIC_BLOCK_EXIT_CONDITION] = "Guard condition of block's exit statement is symbolic"
    stop_message[STOP_SYMBOLIC_BLOCK_EXIT_TARGET] = "Target of default exit of block is symbolic"
    stop_message[STOP_UNSUPPORTED_STMT_PUTI] = "Symbolic taint propagation for PutI statement not yet supported"
    stop_message[STOP_UNSUPPORTED_STMT_STOREG] = "Symbolic taint propagation for StoreG statement not yet supported"
    stop_message[STOP_UNSUPPORTED_STMT_LOADG] = "Symbolic taint propagation for LoadG statement not yet supported"
    stop_message[STOP_UNSUPPORTED_STMT_CAS] = "Symbolic taint propagation for CAS statement not yet supported"
    stop_message[STOP_UNSUPPORTED_STMT_LLSC] = "Symbolic taint propagation for LLSC statement not yet supported"
    stop_message[STOP_UNSUPPORTED_STMT_DIRTY] = "Symbolic taint propagation for Dirty statement not yet supported"
    stop_message[STOP_UNSUPPORTED_EXPR_GETI] = "Symbolic taint propagation for GetI expression not yet supported"
    stop_message[STOP_UNSUPPORTED_STMT_UNKNOWN] = "Canoo propagate symbolic taint for unsupported VEX statement type"
    stop_message[STOP_UNSUPPORTED_EXPR_UNKNOWN] = "Cannot propagate symbolic taint for unsupported VEX expression"
    stop_message[STOP_UNKNOWN_MEMORY_WRITE_SIZE] = "Unicorn failed to determine size of memory write"
    stop_message[STOP_SYSCALL_ARM] = "ARM syscalls are currently not supported by SimEngineUnicorn"
    stop_message[STOP_X86_CPUID] = "Block executes cpuid which should be handled in VEX engine"

    symbolic_stop_reasons = {
        STOP_SYMBOLIC_PC,
        STOP_SYMBOLIC_READ_ADDR,
        STOP_SYMBOLIC_READ_SYMBOLIC_TRACKING_DISABLED,
        STOP_SYMBOLIC_WRITE_ADDR,
        STOP_SYMBOLIC_BLOCK_EXIT_CONDITION,
        STOP_SYMBOLIC_BLOCK_EXIT_TARGET,
        STOP_SYSCALL_ARM,
        STOP_X86_CPUID,
    }

    unsupported_reasons = {
        STOP_UNSUPPORTED_STMT_PUTI,
        STOP_UNSUPPORTED_STMT_STOREG,
        STOP_UNSUPPORTED_STMT_LOADG,
        STOP_UNSUPPORTED_STMT_CAS,
        STOP_UNSUPPORTED_STMT_LLSC,
        STOP_UNSUPPORTED_STMT_DIRTY,
        STOP_UNSUPPORTED_STMT_UNKNOWN,
        STOP_UNSUPPORTED_EXPR_UNKNOWN,
        STOP_VEX_LIFT_FAILED,
    }

    @staticmethod
    def name_stop(num):
        for item in dir(STOP):
            if item.startswith("STOP_") and getattr(STOP, item) == num:
                return item
        raise ValueError(num)

    @staticmethod
    def get_stop_msg(stop_reason):
        if stop_reason in STOP.stop_message:
            return STOP.stop_message[stop_reason]

        return "Unknown stop reason"


class StopDetails(ctypes.Structure):
    """
    struct stop_details_t
    """

    _fields_ = [
        ("stop_reason", ctypes.c_int),
        ("block_addr", ctypes.c_uint64),
        ("block_size", ctypes.c_uint64),
    ]


class SimOSEnum:
    """
    enum simos_t
    """

    SIMOS_CGC = 0
    SIMOS_LINUX = 1
    SIMOS_OTHER = 2


#
# Memory mapping errors - only used internally
#


class MemoryMappingError(Exception):  # pylint: disable=missing-class-docstring
    pass


class AccessingZeroPageError(MemoryMappingError):  # pylint: disable=missing-class-docstring
    pass


class FetchingZeroPageError(MemoryMappingError):  # pylint: disable=missing-class-docstring
    pass


class SegfaultError(MemoryMappingError):  # pylint: disable=missing-class-docstring
    pass


class MixedPermissonsError(MemoryMappingError):  # pylint: disable=missing-class-docstring
    pass


#
# This annotation is added to constraints that Unicorn generates in aggressive concretization mode
#


class AggressiveConcretizationAnnotation(claripy.SimplificationAvoidanceAnnotation):
    # pylint: disable=missing-class-docstring
    def __init__(self, addr):
        claripy.SimplificationAvoidanceAnnotation.__init__(self)
        self.unicorn_start_addr = addr


#
# Because Unicorn leaks like crazy, we use one Uc object per thread...
#

_unicounter = itertools.count()


class Uniwrapper(unicorn.Uc if unicorn is not None else object):
    # pylint: disable=non-parent-init-called,missing-class-docstring
    def __init__(self, arch, cache_key, thumb=False):
        l.debug("Creating unicorn state!")
        self.arch = arch
        self.cache_key = cache_key
        self.wrapped_mapped = set()
        self.wrapped_hooks = set()
        self.id = None
        uc_mode = arch.uc_mode_thumb if thumb else arch.uc_mode
        unicorn.Uc.__init__(self, arch.uc_arch, uc_mode)

    def hook_add(self, htype, callback, user_data=None, begin=1, end=0, arg1=0):
        h = unicorn.Uc.hook_add(self, htype, callback, user_data=user_data, begin=begin, end=end, arg1=arg1)
        # l.debug("Hook: %s,%s -> %s", htype, callback.__name__, h)
        self.wrapped_hooks.add(h)
        return h

    def hook_del(self, h):
        # l.debug("Clearing hook %s", h)
        unicorn.Uc.hook_del(self, h)
        self.wrapped_hooks.discard(h)
        return h

    def mem_map(self, addr, size, perms=7):
        # l.debug("Mapping %d bytes at %#x", size, addr)
        m = unicorn.Uc.mem_map(self, addr, size, perms=perms)
        self.wrapped_mapped.add((addr, size))
        return m

    def mem_map_ptr(self, addr, size, perms, ptr):
        m = unicorn.Uc.mem_map_ptr(self, addr, size, perms, ptr)
        self.wrapped_mapped.add((addr, size))
        return m

    def mem_unmap(self, addr, size):
        # l.debug("Unmapping %d bytes at %#x", size, addr)
        m = unicorn.Uc.mem_unmap(self, addr, size)
        self.wrapped_mapped.discard((addr, size))
        return m

    def mem_reset(self):
        # l.debug("Resetting memory.")
        for addr, size in self.wrapped_mapped:
            # l.debug("Unmapping %d bytes at %#x", size, addr)
            unicorn.Uc.mem_unmap(self, addr, size)
        self.wrapped_mapped.clear()

    def hook_reset(self):
        # l.debug("Resetting hooks.")
        for h in self.wrapped_hooks:
            # l.debug("Clearing hook %s", h)
            unicorn.Uc.hook_del(self, h)
        self.wrapped_hooks.clear()

    def reset(self):
        self.mem_reset()
        # self.hook_reset()
        # l.debug("Reset complete.")


_unicorn_tls = threading.local()
_unicorn_tls.uc = None


class _VexCacheInfo(ctypes.Structure):
    """
    VexCacheInfo struct from vex
    """

    _fields_ = [
        ("num_levels", ctypes.c_uint),
        ("num_caches", ctypes.c_uint),
        ("caches", ctypes.c_void_p),
        ("icaches_maintain_coherence", ctypes.c_bool),
    ]


class _VexArchInfo(ctypes.Structure):
    """
    VexArchInfo struct from vex
    """

    _fields_ = [
        ("hwcaps", ctypes.c_uint),
        ("endness", ctypes.c_int),
        ("hwcache_info", _VexCacheInfo),
        ("ppc_icache_line_szB", ctypes.c_int),
        ("ppc_dcbz_szB", ctypes.c_uint),
        ("ppc_dcbzl_szB", ctypes.c_uint),
        ("arm64_dMinLine_lg2_szB", ctypes.c_uint),
        ("arm64_iMinLine_lg2_szB", ctypes.c_uint),
        ("x86_cr0", ctypes.c_uint),
    ]


def _load_native():
    if sys.platform == "darwin":
        libfile = "angr_native.dylib"
    elif sys.platform in {"win32", "cygwin"}:
        libfile = "angr_native.dll"
    else:
        libfile = "angr_native.so"

    try:
        angr_path = str(importlib.resources.files("angr") / "lib" / libfile)
        h = ctypes.CDLL(angr_path)

        VexArch = ctypes.c_int
        uc_err = ctypes.c_int
        state_t = ctypes.c_void_p
        stop_t = ctypes.c_int
        uc_engine_t = ctypes.c_void_p

        def _setup_prototype(handle, func, restype, *argtypes):
            realname = "simunicorn_" + func
            _setup_prototype_explicit(handle, realname, restype, *argtypes)
            setattr(handle, func, getattr(handle, realname))

        def _setup_prototype_explicit(handle, func, restype, *argtypes):
            getattr(handle, func).restype = restype
            getattr(handle, func).argtypes = argtypes

        # _setup_prototype_explicit(h, 'logSetLogLevel', None, ctypes.c_uint64)
        _setup_prototype(h, "setup_imports", ctypes.c_bool, ctypes.c_char_p)
        _setup_prototype(
            h,
            "alloc",
            state_t,
            uc_engine_t,
            ctypes.c_uint64,
            ctypes.c_uint64,
            ctypes.c_bool,
            ctypes.c_bool,
            ctypes.c_bool,
        )
        _setup_prototype(h, "dealloc", None, state_t)
        _setup_prototype(h, "hook", None, state_t)
        _setup_prototype(h, "unhook", None, state_t)
        _setup_prototype(h, "start", uc_err, state_t, ctypes.c_uint64, ctypes.c_uint64)
        _setup_prototype(h, "stop", None, state_t, stop_t)
        _setup_prototype(h, "sync", ctypes.POINTER(MEM_PATCH), state_t)
        _setup_prototype(h, "bbl_addrs", ctypes.POINTER(ctypes.c_uint64), state_t)
        _setup_prototype(h, "stack_pointers", ctypes.POINTER(ctypes.c_uint64), state_t)
        _setup_prototype(h, "bbl_addr_count", ctypes.c_uint64, state_t)
        _setup_prototype(h, "syscall_count", ctypes.c_uint64, state_t)
        _setup_prototype(h, "step", ctypes.c_uint64, state_t)
        _setup_prototype(h, "activate_page", None, state_t, ctypes.c_uint64, ctypes.c_void_p, ctypes.c_void_p)
        _setup_prototype(h, "set_last_block_details", None, state_t, ctypes.c_uint64, ctypes.c_int64, ctypes.c_int64)
        _setup_prototype(h, "set_stops", None, state_t, ctypes.c_uint64, ctypes.POINTER(ctypes.c_uint64))
        _setup_prototype(
            h, "cache_page", ctypes.c_bool, state_t, ctypes.c_uint64, ctypes.c_uint64, ctypes.c_char_p, ctypes.c_uint64
        )
        _setup_prototype(h, "uncache_pages_touching_region", None, state_t, ctypes.c_uint64, ctypes.c_uint64)
        _setup_prototype(h, "clear_page_cache", None, state_t)
        _setup_prototype(h, "enable_symbolic_reg_tracking", None, state_t, VexArch, _VexArchInfo)
        _setup_prototype(h, "disable_symbolic_reg_tracking", None, state_t)
        _setup_prototype(h, "symbolic_register_data", None, state_t, ctypes.c_uint64, ctypes.POINTER(ctypes.c_uint64))
        _setup_prototype(h, "get_symbolic_registers", ctypes.c_uint64, state_t, ctypes.POINTER(ctypes.c_uint64))
        _setup_prototype(h, "is_interrupt_handled", ctypes.c_bool, state_t)
        _setup_prototype(
            h,
            "set_cgc_syscall_details",
            None,
            state_t,
            ctypes.c_uint32,
            ctypes.c_uint64,
            ctypes.c_uint32,
            ctypes.c_uint64,
            ctypes.c_uint64,
            ctypes.c_uint32,
            ctypes.c_uint64,
        )
        _setup_prototype(h, "process_transmit", ctypes.POINTER(TRANSMIT_RECORD), state_t, ctypes.c_uint32)
        _setup_prototype(h, "set_tracking", None, state_t, ctypes.c_bool, ctypes.c_bool)
        _setup_prototype(h, "executed_pages", ctypes.c_uint64, state_t)
        _setup_prototype(h, "in_cache", ctypes.c_bool, state_t, ctypes.c_uint64)
        if unicorn is not None:
            _setup_prototype(h, "set_map_callback", None, state_t, unicorn.unicorn.UC_HOOK_MEM_INVALID_CB)
        _setup_prototype(
            h,
            "set_vex_to_unicorn_reg_mappings",
            None,
            state_t,
            ctypes.POINTER(ctypes.c_uint64),
            ctypes.POINTER(ctypes.c_uint64),
            ctypes.POINTER(ctypes.c_uint64),
            ctypes.c_uint64,
        )
        _setup_prototype(h, "set_artificial_registers", None, state_t, ctypes.POINTER(ctypes.c_uint64), ctypes.c_uint64)
        _setup_prototype(h, "get_count_of_blocks_with_symbolic_vex_stmts", ctypes.c_uint64, state_t)
        _setup_prototype(
            h, "get_details_of_blocks_with_symbolic_vex_stmts", None, state_t, ctypes.POINTER(BlockDetails)
        )
        _setup_prototype(h, "get_stop_details", StopDetails, state_t)
        _setup_prototype(h, "set_register_blacklist", None, state_t, ctypes.POINTER(ctypes.c_uint64), ctypes.c_uint64)
        _setup_prototype(
            h,
            "set_cpu_flags_details",
            None,
            state_t,
            ctypes.POINTER(ctypes.c_uint64),
            ctypes.POINTER(ctypes.c_uint64),
            ctypes.POINTER(ctypes.c_uint64),
            ctypes.c_uint64,
        )
        _setup_prototype(
            h,
            "set_fd_bytes",
            state_t,
            ctypes.c_uint64,
            ctypes.c_void_p,
            ctypes.c_void_p,
            ctypes.c_uint64,
            ctypes.c_uint64,
        )
        _setup_prototype(
            h,
            "set_random_syscall_data",
            None,
            state_t,
            ctypes.POINTER(ctypes.c_uint64),
            ctypes.POINTER(ctypes.c_uint64),
            ctypes.c_uint64,
        )
        _setup_prototype(
            h,
            "set_vex_cc_reg_data",
            None,
            state_t,
            ctypes.POINTER(ctypes.c_uint64),
            ctypes.POINTER(ctypes.c_uint64),
            ctypes.c_uint64,
        )
        _setup_prototype(h, "get_count_of_writes_to_reexecute", ctypes.c_uint64, state_t)
        _setup_prototype(
            h,
            "get_concrete_writes_to_reexecute",
            None,
            state_t,
            ctypes.POINTER(ctypes.c_uint64),
            ctypes.POINTER(ctypes.c_uint8),
        )
        _setup_prototype(
            h,
            "set_fp_regs_fp_ops_vex_codes",
            None,
            state_t,
            ctypes.c_uint64,
            ctypes.c_uint64,
            ctypes.POINTER(ctypes.c_uint64),
            ctypes.c_uint32,
        )

        l.info("native plugin is enabled")

        return h
    except (OSError, AttributeError) as e:
        l.error('failed loading "%s", unicorn support disabled (%s)', libfile, e)
        raise ImportError("Unable to import native SimUnicorn support") from e


try:
    _UC_NATIVE = _load_native()
    # _UC_NATIVE.logSetLogLevel(2)
except ImportError:
    _UC_NATIVE = None

if _uc is not None and _UC_NATIVE is not None and not _UC_NATIVE.setup_imports(_uc._name.encode()):
    l.error("Unicorn engine has an incompatible API. Support disabled.")
    unicorn = None


class Unicorn(SimStatePlugin):
    """
    setup the unicorn engine for a state
    """

    UC_CONFIG = {}  # config cache for each arch

    def __init__(
        self,
        syscall_hooks=None,
        cache_key=None,
        unicount=None,
        symbolic_var_counts=None,
        symbolic_inst_counts=None,
        concretized_asts=None,
        always_concretize=None,
        never_concretize=None,
        concretize_at=None,
        concretization_threshold_memory=None,
        concretization_threshold_registers=None,
        concretization_threshold_instruction=None,
        cooldown_symbolic_stop=2,
        cooldown_unsupported_stop=2,
        cooldown_nonunicorn_blocks=100,
        cooldown_stop_point=1,
        max_steps=1000000,
    ):
        """
        Initializes the Unicorn plugin for angr. This plugin handles communication with
        UnicornEngine.
        """

        SimStatePlugin.__init__(self)

        self._syscall_pc = None
        self.jumpkind = "Ijk_Boring"
        self.error = None
        self.errno = 0
        self.trap_ip = None

        self.cache_key = hash(self) if cache_key is None else cache_key

        # cooldowns to avoid thrashing in and out of unicorn
        # the countdown vars are the CURRENT counter that is counting down
        # when they hit zero execution will start
        # the cooldown vars are the settings for what the countdown should start at
        # the val is copied from cooldown to countdown on check fail
        self.cooldown_nonunicorn_blocks = cooldown_nonunicorn_blocks
        self.cooldown_symbolic_stop = cooldown_symbolic_stop
        self.cooldown_unsupported_stop = cooldown_unsupported_stop
        self.cooldown_stop_point = cooldown_stop_point
        self.countdown_nonunicorn_blocks = 0
        self.countdown_symbolic_stop = 0
        self.countdown_unsupported_stop = 0
        self.countdown_stop_point = 0

        # the default step limit
        self.max_steps = max_steps

        self.steps = 0
        self._mapped = 0
        self._uncache_regions = []
        self._symbolic_offsets = None
        self.gdt = None

        # following variables are used in python level hook
        # we cannot see native hooks from python
        self.syscall_hooks = {} if syscall_hooks is None else syscall_hooks

        # native state in libsimunicorn
        self._uc_state = None
        self.stop_reason = None
        self.stop_details = None
        self.stop_message = None

        # this is the counter for the unicorn count
        self._unicount = next(_unicounter) if unicount is None else unicount

        #
        # Selective concretization stuff
        #

        # this is the number of times specific symbolic variables have kicked us out of unicorn
        self.symbolic_var_counts = {} if symbolic_var_counts is None else symbolic_var_counts

        # this is the number of times we've been kept out of unicorn at given instructions
        self.symbolic_inst_counts = {} if symbolic_inst_counts is None else symbolic_inst_counts

        # these are threshold for the number of times that we tolerate being kept out of unicorn
        # before we start concretizing
        self.concretization_threshold_memory = concretization_threshold_memory
        self.concretization_threshold_registers = concretization_threshold_registers
        self.concretization_threshold_instruction = concretization_threshold_instruction

        # these are sets of names of variables that should either always or never
        # be concretized
        self.always_concretize = set() if always_concretize is None else always_concretize
        self.never_concretize = set() if never_concretize is None else never_concretize
        self.concretize_at = set() if concretize_at is None else concretize_at

        # this is a record of the ASTs for which we've added concretization constraints
        self._concretized_asts = set() if concretized_asts is None else concretized_asts

        # the address to use for concrete transmits
        self.cgc_transmit_addr = None

        # the address for CGC receive
        self.cgc_receive_addr = None

        # the address for CGC random
        self.cgc_random_addr = None

        self.time = None

        self._bullshit_cb = (
            ctypes.cast(
                unicorn.unicorn.UC_HOOK_MEM_INVALID_CB(self._hook_mem_unmapped), unicorn.unicorn.UC_HOOK_MEM_INVALID_CB
            )
            if unicorn is not None
            else None
        )

    @SimStatePlugin.memo
    def copy(self, _memo):
        u = Unicorn(
            syscall_hooks=dict(self.syscall_hooks),
            cache_key=self.cache_key,
            # unicount=self._unicount,
            symbolic_var_counts=dict(self.symbolic_var_counts),
            symbolic_inst_counts=dict(self.symbolic_inst_counts),
            concretized_asts=set(self._concretized_asts),
            always_concretize=set(self.always_concretize),
            never_concretize=set(self.never_concretize),
            concretize_at=set(self.concretize_at),
            concretization_threshold_memory=self.concretization_threshold_memory,
            concretization_threshold_registers=self.concretization_threshold_registers,
            concretization_threshold_instruction=self.concretization_threshold_instruction,
            cooldown_nonunicorn_blocks=self.cooldown_nonunicorn_blocks,
            cooldown_symbolic_stop=self.cooldown_symbolic_stop,
            cooldown_unsupported_stop=self.cooldown_unsupported_stop,
            max_steps=self.max_steps,
        )
        u.countdown_nonunicorn_blocks = self.countdown_nonunicorn_blocks
        u.countdown_symbolic_stop = self.countdown_symbolic_stop
        u.countdown_unsupported_stop = self.countdown_unsupported_stop
        u.countdown_stop_point = self.countdown_stop_point
        u.cgc_receive_addr = self.cgc_receive_addr
        u.cgc_random_addr = self.cgc_random_addr
        u.cgc_transmit_addr = self.cgc_transmit_addr
        u._uncache_regions = list(self._uncache_regions)
        u.gdt = self.gdt
        return u

    def merge(self, others, merge_conditions, common_ancestor=None):  # pylint: disable=unused-argument
        self.cooldown_nonunicorn_blocks = max(
            self.cooldown_nonunicorn_blocks, max(o.cooldown_nonunicorn_blocks for o in others)
        )
        self.cooldown_symbolic_stop = max(self.cooldown_symbolic_stop, max(o.cooldown_symbolic_stop for o in others))
        self.cooldown_unsupported_stop = max(
            self.cooldown_unsupported_stop, max(o.cooldown_unsupported_stop for o in others)
        )
        self.countdown_nonunicorn_blocks = max(
            self.countdown_nonunicorn_blocks, max(o.countdown_nonunicorn_blocks for o in others)
        )
        self.countdown_symbolic_stop = max(self.countdown_symbolic_stop, max(o.countdown_symbolic_stop for o in others))
        self.countdown_unsupported_stop = max(
            self.countdown_unsupported_stop, max(o.countdown_unsupported_stop for o in others)
        )
        self.countdown_stop_point = max(self.countdown_stop_point, max(o.countdown_stop_point for o in others))

        # get a fresh unicount, just in case
        self._unicount = next(_unicounter)

        # keep these guys, since merging them sounds like a pain
        # self.symbolic_var_counts
        # self.symbolic_inst_counts

        # these are threshold for the number of times that we tolerate being kept out of unicorn
        # before we start concretizing
        def merge_nullable_min(*args):
            nonnull = [a for a in args if a is not None]
            if not nonnull:
                return None
            return min(nonnull)

        self.concretization_threshold_memory = merge_nullable_min(
            self.concretization_threshold_memory, *(o.concretization_threshold_memory for o in others)
        )
        self.concretization_threshold_registers = merge_nullable_min(
            self.concretization_threshold_registers, *(o.concretization_threshold_registers for o in others)
        )
        self.concretization_threshold_instruction = merge_nullable_min(
            self.concretization_threshold_instruction, *(o.concretization_threshold_instruction for o in others)
        )

        # these are sets of names of variables that should either always or never
        # be concretized
        self.always_concretize.union(*[o.always_concretize for o in others])
        self.never_concretize.union(*[o.never_concretize for o in others])
        self.concretize_at.union(*[o.concretize_at for o in others])

        # intersect these so that we know to add future constraints properly
        self._concretized_asts.intersection(*[o._concretized_asts for o in others])

        # I guess always lie to the static analysis?
        return False

    def widen(self, others):  # pylint: disable=unused-argument
        l.warning("Can't widen the unicorn plugin!")

    def __getstate__(self):
        d = dict(self.__dict__)
        del d["_bullshit_cb"]
        del d["_uc_state"]
        del d["cache_key"]
        del d["_unicount"]
        return d

    def __setstate__(self, s):
        self.__dict__.update(s)
        self._bullshit_cb = (
            ctypes.cast(
                unicorn.unicorn.UC_HOOK_MEM_INVALID_CB(self._hook_mem_unmapped), unicorn.unicorn.UC_HOOK_MEM_INVALID_CB
            )
            if unicorn is not None
            else None
        )
        self._unicount = next(_unicounter)
        self._uc_state = None
        self.cache_key = hash(self)
        _unicorn_tls.uc = None

    def set_state(self, state):
        SimStatePlugin.set_state(self, state)
        if self._is_mips32:
            self._unicount = next(_unicounter)

    @property
    def _reuse_unicorn(self):
        return not self._is_mips32

    @property
    def uc(self):
        new_id = next(_unicounter)
        is_thumb = self.state.arch.qemu_name == "arm" and self.state.arch.is_thumb(self.state.addr)
        if (
            not hasattr(_unicorn_tls, "uc")
            or _unicorn_tls.uc is None
            or _unicorn_tls.uc.arch != self.state.arch
            or _unicorn_tls.uc.cache_key != self.cache_key
        ):
            _unicorn_tls.uc = Uniwrapper(self.state.arch, self.cache_key, thumb=is_thumb)
        elif _unicorn_tls.uc.id != self._unicount:
            if not self._reuse_unicorn:
                _unicorn_tls.uc = Uniwrapper(self.state.arch, self.cache_key, thumb=is_thumb)
            else:
                # l.debug("Reusing unicorn state!")
                _unicorn_tls.uc.reset()
        else:
            # l.debug("Reusing unicorn state!")
            pass

        _unicorn_tls.uc.id = new_id
        self._unicount = new_id
        return _unicorn_tls.uc

    @staticmethod
    def delete_uc():
        _unicorn_tls.uc = None

    @property
    def _uc_regs(self):
        return self.state.arch.uc_regs

    @property
    def _uc_prefix(self):
        return self.state.arch.uc_prefix

    @property
    def _uc_const(self):
        return self.state.arch.uc_const

    def _setup_unicorn(self):
        if self.state.arch.uc_mode is None:
            raise SimUnicornUnsupport(f"unsupported architecture {self.state.arch!r}")

    def set_last_block_details(self, details):
        _UC_NATIVE.set_last_block_details(self._uc_state, details["addr"], details["curr_count"], details["tot_count"])

    def set_stops(self, stop_points):
        _UC_NATIVE.set_stops(
            self._uc_state,
            ctypes.c_uint64(len(stop_points)),
            (ctypes.c_uint64 * len(stop_points))(*(ctypes.c_uint64(sp) for sp in stop_points)),
        )

    def set_tracking(self, track_bbls, track_stack):
        _UC_NATIVE.set_tracking(self._uc_state, track_bbls, track_stack)

    def hook(self):
        # l.debug('adding native hooks')
        _UC_NATIVE.hook(self._uc_state)  # prefer to use native hooks

        self.uc.hook_add(unicorn.UC_HOOK_MEM_UNMAPPED, self._hook_mem_unmapped, None, 1)

        arch = self.state.arch.qemu_name
        if arch == "x86_64":
            self.uc.hook_add(unicorn.UC_HOOK_INTR, self._hook_intr_x86, None, 1, 0)
            self.uc.hook_add(
                unicorn.UC_HOOK_INSN, self._hook_syscall_x86_64, None, arg1=self._uc_const.UC_X86_INS_SYSCALL
            )
        elif arch == "i386":
            self.uc.hook_add(unicorn.UC_HOOK_INTR, self._hook_intr_x86, None, 1, 0)
        elif arch == "mips" or arch == "mipsel":
            self.uc.hook_add(unicorn.UC_HOOK_INTR, self._hook_intr_mips, None, 1, 0)
        elif arch == "arm":
            # EDG says: Unicorn's ARM support has no concept of interrupts.
            # This is because interrupts are not a part of the ARM ISA per se, and interrupt controllers
            # are left to the vendor to provide.
            # TODO: This is not true for CortexM.  Revisit when Tobi's NVIC implementation gets upstreamed.
            pass
        else:
            raise SimUnicornUnsupport

    def _hook_intr_mips(self, uc, intno, user_data):
        self.trap_ip = self.uc.reg_read(unicorn.mips_const.UC_MIPS_REG_PC)

        if intno == 17:  # EXCP_SYSCALL
            sysno = uc.reg_read(self._uc_regs["v0"])
            pc = uc.reg_read(self._uc_regs["pc"])
            l.debug("hit sys_%d at %#x", sysno, pc)
            self._syscall_pc = pc
            self._handle_syscall(uc, user_data)
        else:
            l.warning("unhandled interrupt %d", intno)
            _UC_NATIVE.stop(self._uc_state, STOP.STOP_ERROR)

    def _hook_intr_x86(self, uc, intno, user_data):
        if _UC_NATIVE.is_interrupt_handled(self._uc_state):
            return

        if self.state.arch.bits == 32:
            self.trap_ip = self.uc.reg_read(unicorn.x86_const.UC_X86_REG_EIP)
        else:
            self.trap_ip = self.uc.reg_read(unicorn.x86_const.UC_X86_REG_RIP)

        # https://wiki.osdev.org/Exceptions
        if intno == 0:
            # divide by zero
            _UC_NATIVE.stop(self._uc_state, STOP.STOP_ZERO_DIV)
        elif intno == 0x80:
            if self.state.arch.bits == 32:
                self._hook_syscall_i386(uc, user_data)
            else:
                self._hook_syscall_x86_64(uc, user_data)
        else:
            l.warning("unhandled interrupt %d", intno)
            _UC_NATIVE.stop(self._uc_state, STOP.STOP_ERROR)

    def _hook_syscall_x86_64(self, uc, user_data):
        sysno = uc.reg_read(self._uc_regs["rax"])
        pc = uc.reg_read(self._uc_regs["rip"])
        l.debug("hit sys_%d at %#x", sysno, pc)
        self._syscall_pc = pc + 2  # skip syscall instruction
        self._handle_syscall(uc, user_data)

    def _hook_syscall_i386(self, uc, user_data):
        sysno = uc.reg_read(self._uc_regs["eax"])
        pc = uc.reg_read(self._uc_regs["eip"])
        l.debug("hit sys_%d at %#x", sysno, pc)
        self._syscall_pc = pc
        if not self._quick_syscall(sysno):
            self._handle_syscall(uc, user_data)

    def _quick_syscall(self, sysno):
        if sysno in self.syscall_hooks:
            self.syscall_hooks[sysno](self.state)
            return True
        return False

    def _handle_syscall(self, uc, user_data):  # pylint:disable=unused-argument
        # unicorn does not support syscall, we should giveup emulation
        # and send back to SimProcedure. (ignore is always False)
        l.info("stop emulation")
        self.jumpkind = "Ijk_Sys_syscall"
        _UC_NATIVE.stop(self._uc_state, STOP.STOP_SYSCALL)

    def _concretize(self, d):
        cd = self.state.solver.eval_to_ast(d, 1)[0]
        if hash(d) not in self._concretized_asts:
            constraint = (d == cd).annotate(AggressiveConcretizationAnnotation(self.state.regs.ip))
            self.state.add_constraints(constraint)
            self._concretized_asts.add(hash(d))
        return cd

    def _symbolic_passthrough(self, d):
        if not d.symbolic:
            return d
        if options.UNICORN_AGGRESSIVE_CONCRETIZATION in self.state.options:
            return self._concretize(d)
        if len(d.variables & self.never_concretize) > 0:
            return d
        if d.variables.issubset(self.always_concretize) or self.state.solver.eval(self.state.ip) in self.concretize_at:
            return self._concretize(d)
        return d

    def _report_symbolic_blocker(self, d, from_where):
        if options.UNICORN_THRESHOLD_CONCRETIZATION in self.state.options:
            if self.concretization_threshold_instruction is not None:
                addr = self.state.solver.eval(self.state.ip)
                count = self.symbolic_inst_counts.get(addr, 0)
                l.debug("... inst count for %s: %d", addr, count)
                self.symbolic_inst_counts[addr] = count + 1
                if count >= self.concretization_threshold_instruction:
                    self.concretize_at.add(addr)

            threshold = (
                self.concretization_threshold_memory if from_where == "mem" else self.concretization_threshold_registers
            )
            if threshold is None:
                return

            for v in d.variables:
                old_count = self.symbolic_var_counts.get(v, 0)
                l.debug("... %s: %d", v, old_count)
                self.symbolic_var_counts[v] = old_count + 1
                if old_count >= threshold:
                    self.always_concretize.add(v)

    def _process_value(self, d, from_where):
        """
        Pre-process an AST for insertion into unicorn.

        :param d: the AST
        :param from_where: the ID of the memory region it comes from ('mem' or 'reg')
        :returns: the value to be inserted into Unicorn, or None
        """
        allowed_annotations = (claripy.annotation.UninitializedAnnotation,)
        filtered_annotations = [
            a for a in d.annotations if not isinstance(a, allowed_annotations) and not a.eliminatable
        ]
        if len(filtered_annotations) > 0:
            l.debug("Blocking annotated AST.")
            return None
        if not d.symbolic:
            return d
        l.debug("Processing AST with variables %s.", d.variables)

        dd = self._symbolic_passthrough(d)

        if not dd.symbolic:
            if d.symbolic:
                l.debug("... concretized")
            return dd
        if from_where == "reg" and options.UNICORN_SYM_REGS_SUPPORT in self.state.options:
            l.debug("... allowing symbolic register")
            return dd
        l.debug("... denied")
        return None

    def _hook_mem_unmapped(self, uc, access, address, size, value, user_data):  # pylint:disable=unused-argument
        """
        This callback is called when unicorn needs to access data that's not yet present in memory.
        """
        start = address & ~0xFFF
        needed_pages = 2 if address - start + size > 0x1000 else 1

        attempt_pages = 10
        for pageno in range(attempt_pages):
            page_addr = (start + pageno * 0x1000) & ((1 << self.state.arch.bits) - 1)
            if page_addr == 0:
                if pageno >= needed_pages:
                    break
                if options.UNICORN_ZEROPAGE_GUARD in self.state.options:
                    self.error = f"accessing zero page ({access:#x})"
                    l.warning(self.error)

                    _UC_NATIVE.stop(self._uc_state, STOP.STOP_ZEROPAGE)
                    return False

            l.info("mmap [%#x, %#x] because %d", page_addr, page_addr + 0xFFF, access)
            try:
                self._map_one_page(uc, page_addr)
            except SegfaultError:
                # this is the unicorn segfault error. idk why this would show up
                _UC_NATIVE.stop(self._uc_state, STOP.STOP_SEGFAULT)
                return False
            except SimSegfaultError:
                _UC_NATIVE.stop(self._uc_state, STOP.STOP_SEGFAULT)
                return False
            except unicorn.UcError as e:
                if e.errno != 11:
                    self.error = str(e)
                    _UC_NATIVE.stop(self._uc_state, STOP.STOP_ERROR)
                    return False
                l.info("...already mapped :)")
                break
            except SimMemoryError as e:
                if pageno >= needed_pages:
                    l.info("...never mind")
                    break

                self.error = str(e)
                _UC_NATIVE.stop(self._uc_state, STOP.STOP_ERROR)
                return False

        return True

    def _map_one_page(self, _uc, addr):
        # allow any SimMemory errors to propagate upward. they will be caught immediately above
        perm = self.state.memory.permissions(addr)

        if perm.op != "BVV":
            perm = 7
        elif options.ENABLE_NX not in self.state.options:
            perm = perm.args[0] | 4
        else:
            perm = perm.args[0]

        # this should return two memoryviews
        # if they are writable they are direct references to the state backing store and can be mapped directly
        data, bitmap = self.state.memory.concrete_load(addr, 0x1000, with_bitmap=True, writing=(perm & 2) != 0)

        if not bitmap:
            raise SimMemoryError("No bytes available in memory? when would this happen...")

        if bitmap.readonly:
            # old-style mapping, do it via copy
            self.uc.mem_map(addr, 0x1000, perm)
            # huge hack. why doesn't ctypes let you pass memoryview as void*?
            unicorn.unicorn._uc.uc_mem_write(
                self.uc._uch,
                addr,
                ctypes.cast(int(ffi.cast("uint64_t", ffi.from_buffer(data))), ctypes.c_void_p),
                len(data),
            )
            # self.uc.mem_write(addr, data)
            self._mapped += 1
            _UC_NATIVE.activate_page(self._uc_state, addr, int(ffi.cast("uint64_t", ffi.from_buffer(bitmap))), None)
        else:
            # new-style mapping, do it directly
            self.uc.mem_map_ptr(addr, 0x1000, perm, int(ffi.cast("uint64_t", ffi.from_buffer(data))))
            self._mapped += 1
            _UC_NATIVE.activate_page(
                self._uc_state,
                addr,
                int(ffi.cast("uint64_t", ffi.from_buffer(bitmap))),
                int(ffi.cast("unsigned long", ffi.from_buffer(data))),
            )

    def _get_details_of_blocks_with_symbolic_vex_stmts(self):
        def _get_reg_values(register_values):
            for register_value in register_values:
                # Convert the register value in bytes to number of appropriate size and endianness
                reg_name = self.state.arch.register_size_names[(register_value.offset, register_value.size)]
                if self.state.arch.register_endness == archinfo.Endness.LE:
                    reg_value = int.from_bytes(register_value.value, "little")
                else:
                    reg_value = int.from_bytes(register_value.value, "big")

                reg_value = reg_value & (pow(2, register_value.size * 8) - 1)
                yield (reg_name, reg_value)

        def _get_memory_values(memory_values):
            for memory_value in memory_values:
                yield {
                    "address": memory_value.address,
                    "value": bytes([memory_value.value]),
                    "symbolic": memory_value.is_value_symbolic,
                }

        def _get_vex_stmt_details(symbolic_stmts):
            for instr in symbolic_stmts:
                instr_entry = {"stmt_idx": instr.stmt_idx, "mem_dep": []}
                if instr.has_memory_dep:
                    instr_entry["mem_dep"] = _get_memory_values(instr.memory_values[: instr.memory_values_count])

                yield instr_entry

        block_count = _UC_NATIVE.get_count_of_blocks_with_symbolic_vex_stmts(self._uc_state)
        if block_count == 0:
            return

        block_details_list = (BlockDetails * block_count)()
        _UC_NATIVE.get_details_of_blocks_with_symbolic_vex_stmts(self._uc_state, block_details_list)
        for block_det in block_details_list:
            entry = {
                "block_addr": block_det.block_addr,
                "block_size": block_det.block_size,
                "block_hist_ind": block_det.block_trace_ind,
                "has_symbolic_exit": block_det.has_symbolic_exit,
            }
            entry["registers"] = _get_reg_values(block_det.register_values[: block_det.register_values_count])
            entry["stmts"] = _get_vex_stmt_details(block_det.symbolic_vex_stmts[: block_det.symbolic_vex_stmts_count])
            yield entry

    def uncache_region(self, addr, length):
        self._uncache_regions.append((addr, length))

    def clear_page_cache(self):
        self._uncache_regions = []  # this is no longer needed, everything has been uncached
        _UC_NATIVE.clear_page_cache()

    @property
    def _is_mips32(self):
        """
        There seems to be weird issues with unicorn-engine support on MIPS32 code (see commit 01126bf7). As a result,
        we test if the current architecture is MIPS32 in several places, and if so, we perform some extra steps, like
        re-creating the thread-local UC object.

        :return:    True if the current architecture is MIPS32, False otherwise.
        :rtype:     bool
        """
        return self.state.arch.name == "MIPS32"

    def setup(self, syscall_data=None, fd_bytes=None):
        if self._is_mips32 and options.COPY_STATES not in self.state.options:
            # we always re-create the thread-local UC object for MIPS32 even if COPY_STATES is disabled in state
            # options. this is to avoid some weird bugs in unicorn (e.g., it reports stepping 1 step while in reality it
            # did not step at all).
            self.delete_uc()
        self._setup_unicorn()
        try:
            self.set_regs()
        except SimValueError:
            # reset the state and re-raise
            self.uc.reset()
            raise

        if self.state.os_name == "CGC":
            simos_val = SimOSEnum.SIMOS_CGC
        elif self.state.os_name == "Linux":
            simos_val = SimOSEnum.SIMOS_LINUX
        else:
            simos_val = SimOSEnum.SIMOS_OTHER

        # tricky: using unicorn handle from unicorn.Uc object
        handle_symb_addrs = options.UNICORN_HANDLE_SYMBOLIC_ADDRESSES in self.state.options
        handle_symb_conds = options.UNICORN_HANDLE_SYMBOLIC_CONDITIONS in self.state.options
        handle_symbolic_syscalls = options.UNICORN_HANDLE_SYMBOLIC_SYSCALLS in self.state.options
        self._uc_state = _UC_NATIVE.alloc(
            self.uc._uch, self.cache_key, simos_val, handle_symb_addrs, handle_symb_conds, handle_symbolic_syscalls
        )

        if (
            options.UNICORN_SYM_REGS_SUPPORT in self.state.options
            and options.UNICORN_AGGRESSIVE_CONCRETIZATION not in self.state.options
        ):
            vex_archinfo = copy.deepcopy(self.state.arch.vex_archinfo)
            vex_archinfo["hwcache_info"]["caches"] = 0
            vex_archinfo["hwcache_info"] = _VexCacheInfo(**vex_archinfo["hwcache_info"])
            _UC_NATIVE.enable_symbolic_reg_tracking(
                self._uc_state,
                getattr(pyvex.pvc, self.state.arch.vex_arch),
                _VexArchInfo(**vex_archinfo),
            )

            if self._symbolic_offsets:
                l.debug("Symbolic offsets: %s", self._symbolic_offsets)
                tmp_sym_regs_off = (ctypes.c_uint64(offset) for offset in self._symbolic_offsets)
                sym_regs_array = (ctypes.c_uint64 * len(self._symbolic_offsets))(*tmp_sym_regs_off)
                _UC_NATIVE.symbolic_register_data(self._uc_state, len(self._symbolic_offsets), sym_regs_array)
            else:
                _UC_NATIVE.symbolic_register_data(self._uc_state, 0, None)

        # set (cgc, for now) transmit and receive syscall handler
        if self.state.has_plugin("cgc"):
            cgc_transmit_addr = 0
            cgc_receive_addr = 0
            cgc_random_addr = 0
            if options.UNICORN_HANDLE_CGC_TRANSMIT_SYSCALL in self.state.options:
                if self.cgc_transmit_addr is None:
                    l.error("You haven't set the address for concrete transmits!!!!!!!!!!!")
                else:
                    cgc_transmit_addr = self.cgc_transmit_addr

            if options.UNICORN_HANDLE_CGC_RECEIVE_SYSCALL in self.state.options:
                if self.cgc_receive_addr is None:
                    l.error("You haven't set the address for receive syscall!!!!!!!!!!!!!!")
                else:
                    cgc_receive_addr = self.cgc_receive_addr

            if options.UNICORN_HANDLE_CGC_RANDOM_SYSCALL in self.state.options and syscall_data is not None:
                if self.cgc_random_addr is None:
                    l.error("You haven't set the address for random syscall!!!!!!!!!!!!!!")
                elif "random" not in syscall_data or not syscall_data["random"]:
                    l.error("No syscall data specified for replaying random syscall!!!!!!!!!!!!!!")
                else:
                    cgc_random_addr = self.cgc_random_addr
                    values = (ctypes.c_uint64(item[0]) for item in syscall_data["random"])
                    sizes = (ctypes.c_uint64(item[1]) for item in syscall_data["random"])
                    values_array = (ctypes.c_uint64 * len(syscall_data["random"]))(*values)
                    sizes_array = (ctypes.c_uint64 * len(syscall_data["random"]))(*sizes)
                    _UC_NATIVE.set_random_syscall_data(
                        self._uc_state, values_array, sizes_array, len(syscall_data["random"])
                    )

            _UC_NATIVE.set_cgc_syscall_details(
                self._uc_state,
                2,
                cgc_transmit_addr,
                3,
                cgc_receive_addr,
                self.state.cgc.max_receive_size,
                7,
                cgc_random_addr,
            )

        # set memory map callback so we can call it explicitly
        _UC_NATIVE.set_map_callback(self._uc_state, self._bullshit_cb)

        # activate gdt page, which was written/mapped during set_regs
        if self.gdt is not None:
            _UC_NATIVE.activate_page(self._uc_state, self.gdt.addr, bytes(0x1000), None)

        # Pass all concrete fd bytes to native interface so that it can handle relevant syscalls
        if fd_bytes is not None:
            for fd_num, fd_data in fd_bytes.items():
                # fd_data is a tuple whose first element is fd data and second is taints for each fd byte
                fd_bytes_p = int(ffi.cast("uint64_t", ffi.from_buffer(memoryview(fd_data[0]))))
                fd_taint_p = int(ffi.cast("uint64_t", ffi.from_buffer(memoryview(fd_data[1]))))
                read_pos = self.state.solver.eval(self.state.posix.fd.get(fd_num).read_pos)
                _UC_NATIVE.set_fd_bytes(self._uc_state, fd_num, fd_bytes_p, fd_taint_p, len(fd_data[0]), read_pos)
        else:
            l.info("Input fds concrete data not specified. Handling some syscalls in native interface could fail.")

        # Initialize list of artificial VEX registers
        artificial_regs_list = (ctypes.c_uint64(offset) for offset in self.state.arch.artificial_registers_offsets)
        artificial_regs_count = len(self.state.arch.artificial_registers_offsets)
        artificial_regs_array = (ctypes.c_uint64 * artificial_regs_count)(*artificial_regs_list)
        _UC_NATIVE.set_artificial_registers(self._uc_state, artificial_regs_array, artificial_regs_count)

        # Initialize VEX register offset to unicorn register ID mappings and VEX register offset to name map
        vex_reg_offsets = []
        unicorn_reg_ids = []
        reg_sizes = []
        for vex_reg_offset, (unicorn_reg_id, reg_size) in self.state.arch.vex_to_unicorn_map.items():
            vex_reg_offsets.append(ctypes.c_uint64(vex_reg_offset))
            unicorn_reg_ids.append(ctypes.c_uint64(unicorn_reg_id))
            reg_sizes.append(ctypes.c_uint64(reg_size))

        vex_reg_offsets_array = (ctypes.c_uint64 * len(vex_reg_offsets))(*vex_reg_offsets)
        unicorn_reg_ids_array = (ctypes.c_uint64 * len(unicorn_reg_ids))(*unicorn_reg_ids)
        reg_sizes_array = (ctypes.c_uint64 * len(reg_sizes))(*reg_sizes)
        _UC_NATIVE.set_vex_to_unicorn_reg_mappings(
            self._uc_state, vex_reg_offsets_array, unicorn_reg_ids_array, reg_sizes_array, len(vex_reg_offsets)
        )

        # VEX to unicorn mappings for VEX flag registers
        if self.state.arch.cpu_flag_register_offsets_and_bitmasks_map:
            flag_vex_offsets = []
            flag_bitmasks = []
            flag_uc_regs = []
            for flag_offset, (uc_reg, bitmask) in self.state.arch.cpu_flag_register_offsets_and_bitmasks_map.items():
                flag_vex_offsets.append(ctypes.c_uint64(flag_offset))
                flag_bitmasks.append(ctypes.c_uint64(bitmask))
                flag_uc_regs.append(ctypes.c_uint64(uc_reg))

            flag_vex_offsets_array = (ctypes.c_uint64 * len(flag_vex_offsets))(*flag_vex_offsets)
            flag_bitmasks_array = (ctypes.c_uint64 * len(flag_bitmasks))(*flag_bitmasks)
            flag_uc_regs_array = (ctypes.c_uint64 * len(flag_uc_regs))(*flag_uc_regs)
            _UC_NATIVE.set_cpu_flags_details(
                self._uc_state, flag_vex_offsets_array, flag_uc_regs_array, flag_bitmasks_array, len(flag_vex_offsets)
            )
        elif self.state.arch.name.startswith("ARM"):
            l.warning("Flag registers for %s not set in native unicorn interface.", self.state.arch.name)

        # Initialize list of blacklisted registers
        blacklist_regs_offsets = (ctypes.c_uint64(offset) for offset in self.state.arch.reg_blacklist_offsets)
        blacklist_regs_count = len(self.state.arch.reg_blacklist_offsets)
        if blacklist_regs_count > 0:
            blacklist_regs_array = (ctypes.c_uint64 * blacklist_regs_count)(*blacklist_regs_offsets)
            _UC_NATIVE.set_register_blacklist(self._uc_state, blacklist_regs_array, blacklist_regs_count)

        # Initialize VEX CC registers data
        if len(self.state.arch.vex_cc_regs) > 0:
            cc_regs_offsets = []
            cc_regs_sizes = []
            for cc_reg in self.state.arch.vex_cc_regs:
                cc_regs_offsets.append(ctypes.c_uint64(cc_reg.vex_offset))
                cc_regs_sizes.append(ctypes.c_uint64(cc_reg.size))

            cc_regs_offsets_array = (ctypes.c_uint64 * len(cc_regs_offsets))(*cc_regs_offsets)
            cc_regs_sizes_array = (ctypes.c_uint64 * len(cc_regs_offsets))(*cc_regs_sizes)
            _UC_NATIVE.set_vex_cc_reg_data(
                self._uc_state, cc_regs_offsets_array, cc_regs_sizes_array, len(cc_regs_offsets)
            )

        # Set floating point operations VEX codes
        if options.UNSUPPORTED_FORCE_CONCRETIZE in self.state.options:
            fp_op_codes = [ctypes.c_uint64(pyvex.irop_enums_to_ints[op.name]) for op in irop_ops.values() if op._float]
            fp_op_codes_array = (ctypes.c_uint64 * len(fp_op_codes))(*fp_op_codes)
            fp_reg_start_offset, fp_regs_size = self.state.arch.registers["fpu_regs"]
            _UC_NATIVE.set_fp_regs_fp_ops_vex_codes(
                self._uc_state, fp_reg_start_offset, fp_regs_size, fp_op_codes_array, len(fp_op_codes)
            )

    def start(self, step=None):
        self.jumpkind = "Ijk_Boring"
        self.countdown_nonunicorn_blocks = self.cooldown_nonunicorn_blocks

        for addr, length in self._uncache_regions:
            l.debug("Un-caching writable page region @ %#x of length %x", addr, length)
            _UC_NATIVE.uncache_pages_touching_region(self._uc_state, addr, length)
        self._uncache_regions = []

        addr = self.state.solver.eval(self.state.ip)
        l.info("started emulation at %#x (%d steps)", addr, self.max_steps if step is None else step)
        self.time = time.time()
        self.errno = _UC_NATIVE.start(self._uc_state, addr, self.max_steps if step is None else step)
        self.time = time.time() - self.time

    def get_recent_bbl_addrs(self):
        steps = _UC_NATIVE.step(self._uc_state)
        bbl_addrs = _UC_NATIVE.bbl_addrs(self._uc_state)
        return bbl_addrs[:steps]

    def get_stop_details(self):
        return _UC_NATIVE.get_stop_details(self._uc_state)

    def finish(self, succ_state):
        # do the superficial synchronization
        # If succ_state is not None, synchronize it instead of self.state. Needed when handling symbolic exits in native
        # interface.
        self.get_regs(succ_state)
        if succ_state:
            state = succ_state
            unicorn_obj = succ_state.unicorn
            unicorn_obj.time = self.time
            unicorn_obj.jumpkind = self.jumpkind
            unicorn_obj._syscall_pc = self._syscall_pc
        else:
            unicorn_obj = self
            state = self.state

        unicorn_obj.steps = _UC_NATIVE.step(self._uc_state)
        unicorn_obj.stop_details = _UC_NATIVE.get_stop_details(self._uc_state)
        unicorn_obj.stop_reason = unicorn_obj.stop_details.stop_reason
        unicorn_obj.stop_message = STOP.get_stop_msg(unicorn_obj.stop_reason)
        if unicorn_obj.stop_reason in (
            STOP.symbolic_stop_reasons | STOP.unsupported_reasons
        ) or unicorn_obj.stop_reason in {STOP.STOP_UNKNOWN_MEMORY_WRITE_SIZE, STOP.STOP_VEX_LIFT_FAILED}:
            stop_block_addr = unicorn_obj.stop_details.block_addr
            stop_block_size = unicorn_obj.stop_details.block_size
            unicorn_obj.stop_message += f". Block 0x{stop_block_addr:02x}(size: {stop_block_size})."

        # figure out why we stopped
        if unicorn_obj.stop_reason == STOP.STOP_NOSTART and unicorn_obj.steps > 0:
            # unicorn just does quits without warning if it sees hlt. detect that.
            if (state.memory.load(state.ip, 1) == 0xF4).is_true():
                unicorn_obj.stop_reason = STOP.STOP_HLT
            else:
                raise SimUnicornError("Got STOP_NOSTART but steps > 0. This indicates a serious unicorn bug.")

        addr = state.solver.eval(state.ip)
        l.info(
            "finished emulation at %#x after %d steps: %s",
            addr,
            unicorn_obj.steps,
            STOP.name_stop(unicorn_obj.stop_reason),
        )

        # should this be in destroy?
        _UC_NATIVE.disable_symbolic_reg_tracking(self._uc_state)

        # synchronize memory contents - head is a linked list of memory updates
        head = _UC_NATIVE.sync(self._uc_state)
        p_update = head
        while bool(p_update):
            update = p_update.contents
            address, length = update.address, update.length
            if (
                unicorn_obj.gdt is not None
                and unicorn_obj.gdt.addr <= address < unicorn_obj.gdt.addr + unicorn_obj.gdt.limit
            ):
                l.warning("Emulation touched fake GDT at %#x, discarding changes", unicorn_obj.gdt.addr)
            else:
                s = bytes(self.uc.mem_read(address, int(length)))
                l.debug("...changed memory: [%#x, %#x] = %s", address, address + length, binascii.hexlify(s))
                state.memory.store(address, s)

            p_update = update.next

        # process the concrete transmits
        i = 0
        stdout = state.posix.get_fd(1)
        stderr = state.posix.get_fd(2)

        while True:
            record = _UC_NATIVE.process_transmit(self._uc_state, i)
            if not bool(record):
                break

            string = ctypes.string_at(record.contents.data, record.contents.count)
            if record.contents.fd == 1:
                stdout.write_data(string)
            elif record.contents.fd == 2:
                stderr.write_data(string)
            i += 1

        # Re-execute concrete writes
        count_of_writes_to_reexecute = _UC_NATIVE.get_count_of_writes_to_reexecute(self._uc_state)
        if count_of_writes_to_reexecute > 0:
            write_addrs = (ctypes.c_uint64 * count_of_writes_to_reexecute)()
            write_values = (ctypes.c_uint8 * count_of_writes_to_reexecute)()
            _UC_NATIVE.get_concrete_writes_to_reexecute(self._uc_state, write_addrs, write_values)
            for address, value in zip(write_addrs, write_values):
                state.memory.store(address, value, 1)

        if unicorn_obj.stop_reason in {STOP.STOP_NORMAL, STOP.STOP_SYSCALL}:
            unicorn_obj.countdown_nonunicorn_blocks = 0
        elif unicorn_obj.stop_reason == STOP.STOP_STOPPOINT:
            unicorn_obj.countdown_nonunicorn_blocks = 0
            unicorn_obj.countdown_stop_point = unicorn_obj.cooldown_stop_point
        elif unicorn_obj.stop_reason in STOP.symbolic_stop_reasons:
            unicorn_obj.countdown_nonunicorn_blocks = 0
            unicorn_obj.countdown_symbolic_stop = unicorn_obj.cooldown_symbolic_stop
        elif unicorn_obj.stop_reason in STOP.unsupported_reasons:
            unicorn_obj.countdown_nonunicorn_blocks = 0
            unicorn_obj.countdown_unsupported_stop = unicorn_obj.cooldown_unsupported_stop
        elif unicorn_obj.stop_reason == STOP.STOP_UNKNOWN_MEMORY_WRITE_SIZE:
            # Skip one block in case of unknown memory write size
            unicorn_obj.countdown_nonunicorn_blocks = 0
            unicorn_obj.countdown_unsupported_stop = 2
        else:
            unicorn_obj.countdown_nonunicorn_blocks = unicorn_obj.cooldown_nonunicorn_blocks

        # TODO: make this tunable
        if not is_testing and unicorn_obj.time != 0 and unicorn_obj.steps / unicorn_obj.time < 10:
            l.info(
                "Unicorn stepped %d block%s in %fsec (%f blocks/sec), enabling cooldown",
                unicorn_obj.steps,
                "" if unicorn_obj.steps == 1 else "s",
                unicorn_obj.time,
                unicorn_obj.steps / unicorn_obj.time,
            )
            unicorn_obj.countdown_nonunicorn_blocks = unicorn_obj.cooldown_nonunicorn_blocks
        else:
            l.info(
                "Unicorn stepped %d block%s in %f sec (%f blocks/sec)",
                unicorn_obj.steps,
                "" if unicorn_obj.steps == 1 else "s",
                unicorn_obj.time,
                unicorn_obj.steps / unicorn_obj.time if unicorn_obj.time != 0 else float("nan"),
            )

        # get the address list out of the state
        if options.UNICORN_TRACK_BBL_ADDRS in state.options:
            bbl_addrs = _UC_NATIVE.bbl_addrs(self._uc_state)
            # bbl_addr_count = _UC_NATIVE.bbl_addr_count(self._uc_state)
            # why is bbl_addr_count unused?
            if unicorn_obj.steps:
                state.history.recent_bbl_addrs = bbl_addrs[: unicorn_obj.steps]
        # get the stack pointers
        if options.UNICORN_TRACK_STACK_POINTERS in state.options:
            stack_pointers = _UC_NATIVE.stack_pointers(self._uc_state)
            state.scratch.stack_pointer_list = stack_pointers[: unicorn_obj.steps]
        # syscall counts
        state.history.recent_syscall_count = _UC_NATIVE.syscall_count(self._uc_state)
        # executed page set
        state.scratch.executed_pages_set = set()
        while True:
            page = _UC_NATIVE.executed_pages(self._uc_state)
            if page == 2**64 - 1:
                break
            state.scratch.executed_pages_set.add(page)

    def destroy(self, succ_state):
        # l.debug("Unhooking.")
        _UC_NATIVE.unhook(self._uc_state)
        self.uc.hook_reset()

        # l.debug('deallocting native state %#x', self._uc_state)
        _UC_NATIVE.dealloc(self._uc_state)
        self._uc_state = None

        # there's something we're not properly resetting for syscalls, so
        # we'll clear the state when they happen
        if self.stop_reason not in {STOP.STOP_NORMAL, STOP.STOP_STOPPOINT}:
            # If succ_state is not None, reset its unicorn object too
            if succ_state:
                succ_state.unicorn.delete_uc()

            self.delete_uc()

        # l.debug("Resetting the unicorn state.")
        self.uc.reset()

    def set_regs(self):
        """setting unicorn registers"""
        uc = self.uc

        self._symbolic_offsets = set()

        if self.state.arch.qemu_name == "x86_64":
            fs = self.state.solver.eval(self.state.regs.fs)
            gs = self.state.solver.eval(self.state.regs.gs)
            self.write_msr(fs, 0xC0000100)
            self.write_msr(gs, 0xC0000101)
        elif self.state.arch.qemu_name == "i386":
            fs = self.state.solver.eval(self.state.regs.fs) << 16
            gs = self.state.solver.eval(self.state.regs.gs) << 16
            self.setup_gdt(fs, gs)
        elif self.state.arch.qemu_name == "mips":
            # ulr
            ulr = self.state.regs._ulr
            uc.reg_write(self._uc_const.UC_MIPS_REG_CP0_USERLOCAL, self.state.solver.eval(ulr))

        self.setup_flags()
        for r, c in self._uc_regs.items():
            if r in self.state.arch.reg_blacklist:
                continue
            v = self._process_value(getattr(self.state.regs, r), "reg")
            if v is None:
                raise SimValueError("setting a symbolic register")
            # l.debug('setting $%s = %#x', r, self.state.solver.eval(v))
            uc.reg_write(c, self.state.solver.eval(v))

            start, size = self.state.arch.registers[r]
            if v.symbolic:
                symbolic_reg_offsets = set(range(start, start + size))
                # Process subregisters in decreasing order of their size so that smaller subregisters' taint status
                # isn't clobbered by larger subregisters
                subregs = sorted(
                    self.state.arch.get_register_by_name(r).subregisters, key=lambda x: x[-1], reverse=True
                )
                for subreg in subregs:
                    if not getattr(self.state.regs, subreg[0]).symbolic:
                        for subreg_offset in range(start + subreg[1], start + subreg[1] + subreg[2]):
                            symbolic_reg_offsets.discard(subreg_offset)

                self._symbolic_offsets.update(symbolic_reg_offsets)

        # TODO: Support ARM hardfloat synchronization

        if self.state.arch.name in {"X86", "AMD64"}:
            # sync the fp clerical data
            c3210 = self.state.solver.eval(self.state.regs.fc3210)
            top = self.state.solver.eval(self.state.regs.ftop[2:0])
            rm = self.state.solver.eval(self.state.regs.fpround[1:0])
            control = 0x037F | (rm << 10)
            status = (top << 11) | c3210
            uc.reg_write(unicorn.x86_const.UC_X86_REG_FPCW, control)
            uc.reg_write(unicorn.x86_const.UC_X86_REG_FPSW, status)

            for rn in ("fc3210", "ftop", "fpround"):
                start, size = self.state.arch.registers[rn]
                self._symbolic_offsets.difference_update(range(start, start + size))

            # we gotta convert the 64-bit doubles values to 80-bit extended precision!
            uc_offset = unicorn.x86_const.UC_X86_REG_FP0
            vex_offset = self.state.arch.registers["fpu_regs"][0]
            vex_tag_offset = self.state.arch.registers["fpu_tags"][0]
            tag_word = 0
            for _ in range(8):
                tag = self.state.solver.eval(self.state.registers.load(vex_tag_offset, size=1))
                tag_word <<= 2
                if tag == 0:
                    tag_word |= 3  # unicorn doesn't care about any value other than 3 for setting
                else:
                    val = self._process_value(self.state.registers.load(vex_offset, size=8), "reg")
                    if val is None:
                        raise SimValueError("setting a symbolic fp register")
                    if val.symbolic:
                        self._symbolic_offsets.difference_update(
                            b for b, vb in enumerate(val.chop(8), start) if vb.symbolic
                        )
                    val = self.state.solver.eval(val)

                    sign = bool(val & 0x8000000000000000)
                    exponent = (val & 0x7FF0000000000000) >> 52
                    mantissa = val & 0x000FFFFFFFFFFFFF
                    if exponent not in {0, 0x7FF}:  # normal value
                        exponent = exponent - 1023 + 16383
                        mantissa <<= 11
                        mantissa |= 0x8000000000000000  # set integer part bit, implicit to double
                    elif exponent == 0:  # zero or subnormal value
                        mantissa = 0
                    elif exponent == 0x7FF:  # nan or infinity
                        exponent = 0x7FFF
                        mantissa = 9223372036854775808 if mantissa != 0 else 18446744073709551615

                    if sign:
                        exponent |= 0x8000

                    uc.reg_write(uc_offset, (exponent, mantissa))

                uc_offset += 1
                vex_offset += 8
                vex_tag_offset += 1

            uc.reg_write(unicorn.x86_const.UC_X86_REG_FPTAG, tag_word)

    def setup_flags(self):
        uc = self.uc

        # Save any symbolic VEX CC registers
        saved_cc_regs = {}
        for reg in self.state.arch.vex_cc_regs:
            reg_val = getattr(self.state.regs, reg.name)
            if reg_val.symbolic:
                saved_cc_regs[reg.name] = reg_val
                setattr(self.state.regs, reg.name, self.state.solver.eval(reg_val))

        if saved_cc_regs:
            vex_offset = self.state.arch.registers["cc_op"][0]
            self._symbolic_offsets.update(range(vex_offset, vex_offset + self.state.arch.bytes * 4))

        if self.state.arch.qemu_name in ["i386", "x86_64"]:
            flags = self._process_value(self.state.regs.eflags, "reg")
            if flags is None:
                raise SimValueError("symbolic eflags")

            uc.reg_write(self._uc_const.UC_X86_REG_EFLAGS, self.state.solver.eval(flags))

        elif self.state.arch.qemu_name == "arm":
            flags = self._process_value(self.state.regs.flags, "reg")
            if flags is None:
                raise SimValueError("symbolic cpsr")

            uc.reg_write(self._uc_const.UC_ARM_REG_CPSR, self.state.solver.eval(flags))

        # Restore saved symbolic VEX CC registers
        for reg_name, saved_reg_val in saved_cc_regs.items():
            setattr(self.state.regs, reg_name, saved_reg_val)

    def setup_gdt(self, fs, gs):
        gdt = self.state.project.simos.generate_gdt(fs, gs)
        uc = self.uc

        uc.mem_map(gdt.addr, gdt.limit)
        uc.mem_write(gdt.addr + 8, gdt.table)
        uc.reg_write(self._uc_const.UC_X86_REG_GDTR, (0, gdt.addr, gdt.limit, 0x0))

        uc.reg_write(self._uc_const.UC_X86_REG_CS, gdt.cs)
        uc.reg_write(self._uc_const.UC_X86_REG_DS, gdt.ds)
        uc.reg_write(self._uc_const.UC_X86_REG_ES, gdt.es)
        uc.reg_write(self._uc_const.UC_X86_REG_SS, gdt.ss)
        uc.reg_write(self._uc_const.UC_X86_REG_FS, gdt.fs)
        uc.reg_write(self._uc_const.UC_X86_REG_GS, gdt.gs)
        # if programs want to access this memory....... let them
        # uc.mem_unmap(GDT_ADDR, GDT_LIMIT)

        self.gdt = gdt

    # do NOT call either of these functions in a callback, lmao
    def read_msr(self, msr=0xC0000100):
        setup_code = b"\x0f\x32"
        BASE = 0x100B000000

        uc = self.uc
        uc.mem_map(BASE, 0x1000)
        uc.mem_write(BASE, setup_code)
        uc.reg_write(self._uc_const.UC_X86_REG_RCX, msr)
        uc.emu_start(BASE, BASE + len(setup_code))
        uc.mem_unmap(BASE, 0x1000)

        a = uc.reg_read(self._uc_const.UC_X86_REG_RAX)
        d = uc.reg_read(self._uc_const.UC_X86_REG_RDX)
        return (d << 32) + a

    def write_msr(self, val, msr=0xC0000100):
        setup_code = b"\x0f\x30"
        BASE = 0x100B000000

        uc = self.uc
        uc.mem_map(BASE, 0x1000)
        uc.mem_write(BASE, setup_code)
        uc.reg_write(self._uc_const.UC_X86_REG_RCX, msr)
        uc.reg_write(self._uc_const.UC_X86_REG_RAX, val & 0xFFFFFFFF)
        uc.reg_write(self._uc_const.UC_X86_REG_RDX, val >> 32)
        uc.emu_start(BASE, BASE + len(setup_code))
        uc.mem_unmap(BASE, 0x1000)

    def get_regs(self, succ_state):
        """
        loading registers from unicorn. If succ_state is not None, update it instead of self.state. Needed when
        handling symbolic exits in native interface
        """

        state = succ_state if succ_state else self.state

        # first, get the ignore list (in case of symbolic registers)
        saved_registers = []
        if options.UNICORN_SYM_REGS_SUPPORT in state.options:
            highest_reg_offset, reg_size = max(state.arch.registers.values())
            symbolic_list = (ctypes.c_uint64 * (highest_reg_offset + reg_size))()
            num_regs = _UC_NATIVE.get_symbolic_registers(self._uc_state, symbolic_list)

            # If any VEX cc_dep registers are symbolic, mark VEX cc_op register as symbolic so that it would be saved
            # and restored for future use if needed
            symbolic_list = symbolic_list[:num_regs]
            for reg in state.arch.vex_cc_regs[1:]:
                if reg.vex_offset in symbolic_list:
                    cc_op_reg = state.arch.vex_cc_regs[0]
                    if cc_op_reg.vex_offset not in symbolic_list:
                        symbolic_list.extend(range(cc_op_reg.vex_offset, cc_op_reg.vex_offset + cc_op_reg.size))
                    break

            # we take the approach of saving off the symbolic regs and then writing them back

            cur_group = None
            last = None
            for i in sorted(symbolic_list):
                if cur_group is None:
                    cur_group = i
                elif i != last + 1 or cur_group // state.arch.bytes != i // state.arch.bytes:
                    l.debug("Restoring symbolic register %d", cur_group)
                    saved_registers.append((cur_group, state.registers.load(cur_group, last - cur_group + 1)))
                    cur_group = i
                last = i
            if cur_group is not None:
                l.debug("Restoring symbolic register %d", cur_group)
                saved_registers.append((cur_group, state.registers.load(cur_group, last - cur_group + 1)))

        # now we sync registers out of unicorn
        for r, c in self._uc_regs.items():
            if r in state.arch.reg_blacklist:
                continue
            v = self.uc.reg_read(c)
            # l.debug('getting $%s = %#x', r, v)
            setattr(state.regs, r, v)

        # some architecture-specific register fixups
        if state.arch.name in {"X86", "AMD64"}:
            # update the eflags
            state.regs.eflags = claripy.BVV(self.uc.reg_read(self._uc_const.UC_X86_REG_EFLAGS), state.arch.bits)

            # sync the fp clerical data
            status = self.uc.reg_read(unicorn.x86_const.UC_X86_REG_FPSW)
            c3210 = status & 0x4700
            top = (status & 0x3800) >> 11
            control = self.uc.reg_read(unicorn.x86_const.UC_X86_REG_FPCW)
            rm = (control & 0x0C00) >> 10
            state.regs.fpround = rm
            state.regs.fc3210 = c3210
            state.regs.ftop = top

            # sync the stx registers
            # we gotta round the 80-bit extended precision values to 64-bit doubles!
            uc_offset = unicorn.x86_const.UC_X86_REG_FP0
            vex_offset = state.arch.registers["fpu_regs"][0]
            vex_tag_offset = state.arch.registers["fpu_tags"][0] + 7
            tag_word = self.uc.reg_read(unicorn.x86_const.UC_X86_REG_FPTAG)

            for _ in range(8):
                if tag_word & 3 == 3:
                    state.registers.store(vex_tag_offset, 0, size=1)
                else:
                    state.registers.store(vex_tag_offset, 1, size=1)

                    mantissa, exponent = self.uc.reg_read(uc_offset)
                    sign = bool(exponent & 0x8000)
                    exponent = exponent & 0x7FFF
                    if exponent not in {0, 0x7FFF}:  # normal value
                        exponent = exponent - 16383 + 1023
                        if exponent <= 0:  # underflow to zero
                            exponent = 0
                            mantissa = 0
                        elif exponent >= 0x7FF:  # overflow to infinity
                            exponent = 0x7FF
                            mantissa = 0
                    elif exponent == 0:  # zero or subnormal value
                        mantissa = 0
                    elif exponent == 0x7FFF:  # nan or infinity
                        exponent = 0x7FF
                        if mantissa != 0:
                            mantissa = 0xFFFF

                    val = 0x8000000000000000 if sign else 0
                    val |= exponent << 52
                    val |= (mantissa >> 11) & 0xFFFFFFFFFFFFF
                    # the mantissa calculation is to convert from the 64-bit mantissa to 52-bit
                    # additionally, extended precision keeps around an high bit that we don't care about
                    # so 11-shift, not 12

                    state.registers.store(vex_offset, val, size=8)

                uc_offset += 1
                vex_offset += 8
                tag_word >>= 2
                vex_tag_offset -= 1

        # TODO: ARM hardfloat

        # now, we restore the symbolic registers
        if options.UNICORN_SYM_REGS_SUPPORT in state.options:
            for o, r in saved_registers:
                state.registers.store(o, r)

    def _check_registers(self, report=True):
        """check if this state might be used in unicorn (has no concrete register)"""
        for r in self.state.arch.uc_regs:
            v = getattr(self.state.regs, r)
            processed_v = self._process_value(v, "reg")
            if processed_v is None or processed_v.symbolic:
                # l.info('detected symbolic register %s', r)
                if report:
                    self._report_symbolic_blocker(v, "reg")
                return False

        if self.state.arch.vex_conditional_helpers:
            flags = ccall._get_flags(self.state)
            processed_flags = self._process_value(flags, "reg")
            if processed_flags is None or processed_flags.symbolic:
                # l.info("detected symbolic rflags/eflags")
                if report:
                    self._report_symbolic_blocker(flags, "reg")
                return False

        # l.debug('passed quick check')
        return True


SimState.register_default("unicorn", Unicorn)
